Assam (also known as Ahom) is the gateway to the North East of India. It is one of the largest states in the region.
Assam: Formed on 26 January 1950
No. of districts: 33
Capital: Dispur
Official Language: Assamese,Bodo, Bengali
High Court: Guwahati, Assam
Geographical Indications: Muga Silk, Tezpur Litchi, Karbi Anglong Ginger
State Animal: One-horned rhinoceros
State Bird: White-winged wood duck
State Flower: Kopou phul (Foxtail Orchid)
State Tree: Hollong
Majuli, world biggest river island became India's first river island district in 2016
Natural Vegetation Tropical moist deciduous and tropical evergreen
Known as/for:
- India's gateway to Northeast India -
- The first oil reserves of India were discovered in Assam
- The first oil well in Asia was drilled in Assam
- The largest producer of bamboos in India
- The largest producer of tea in India Physical Characteristics
- A land of plains and river valleys
Three principal physical regions:
- The Brahmaputra River valley in the north,
- The Barak River (upper Surma River) valley in the south,
- The hilly region between Meghalaya (to the west) and Nagaland and Manipur (to the east) in the south-central part of the state separating the two valleys
Major Rivers:
- Subansiri,
- Lohit (Tellu),
- Dihang/Siang,
- Kopili,
- Dhaleswari,
- Barak,
- Dhaleswari,
- Kameng,
- Brahmaputra,
- Kameng
Major Regional Festivals:
- Bihu,
- Ambubachi,
- Elephant Festival,
- Brahmaputra beach festival,
- Majuli,
- Baishagu,
- Baikho,
- Me-Dum-Mi-Phi
Major Art Forms:
- Assam School of Painting (Manuscript paintings) Music – Ainaam,
- Borgeet,
- Hiranaam,
- Dihanaam,
- Zikr and Zari,
- Malitas (Ballad) Dance - Satriya Nritya,
- Bhaona,
- Oja Pali,
- Bihu,
- Jhumur Naach,
- Deodhani,
- Gumrag,
- Dhuliya,
- Bhawariya,
- Bhortal Nritya,
- Bagurumba
Industry:
- Fertilizer,
- Jute, paper,
- Silk and textiles,
- Sugar,
- Chemicals,
- Electronics,
- Cement,
- Sawmills,
- Plywood and match factories
Minerals:
- Hard sandstone,
- soft and loose sand,
- conglomerates,
- coal seams,
- shales,
- petroleum,
- sandy clays, and limestone
Agriculture:
- Rice,
- Tea,
- Jute,
- Oilseeds,
- Pulses,
- Legumes such as peas, beans,lentils) corn (maize),
- Sugarcane,
- Rape (an oil-yielding plant)
Important Historical Sites
- Moidams – the Mound-Burial system of the Ahom Dynasty,
- Sibsagar, Cachari ruins In Khaspur,
- Carvings, inscriptions,
- pillar on the Urvasi Island in Guwahati
World Heritage Sites
- Kaziranga National Park on the bank of the Brahmaputra,
- Manas Wildlife Sanctuary near the border with Bhutan
Ramsar Sites: Deepor Beel
National Parks:
- Dibru-Saikhowa National Park,
- Kaziranga National Park,
- Manas National Park,
- Nameri National Park,
- Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park
Biosphere Reserve:
- Dibru-Saikhowa,
- Manas
Wildlife Sanctuaries:
- Amchang WLS
- Barail WLS
- Barnadi WLS
- Bherjan-Borajan
- Padumoni WLS
- Burachapori WLS
- Chakrashila WLS
- Deepor Beel WLS
- Dihing Patkai WLS
- East Karbi -Anglong WLS
- Garampani WLS
- Hollongapar -Gibbon WLS
- Lawkhowa WLS
- Marat Longri WLS
- Nambor WLS
- Nambor Doigrung WLS
- Porbitora WLS
- Pani-Dihing Bird WLS
- Sonai Rupai WLS
Tiger Reserve
- Orang,
- Kaziranga,
- Manas,
- Nameri
Elephant Reserve:
- Sonitpur, Dihing-Patkai,
- South Arunachal,
- Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong,
- Intanki,
- Chirang-Ripu,
- Eastern Dooars
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